Optimized Fractional Order Fuzzy Type-II PI Control for Enhancing the Performance of Grid-Connected Modular Multilevel Converters

A novel control strategy for grid-connected modular multilevel converters (GC-MMCs) using a Fractional Order Fuzzy Type-II PI (FOFPI) controller optimized by the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) to achieve improved performance and robustness under various operating conditions.