Bicoptor: Two-round Secure Three-party Non-linear Computation for Privacy-preserving Machine Learning

Concepts de base

Bicoptor introduces efficient protocols for non-linear functions in privacy-preserving machine learning, achieving significant performance improvements.

Résumé

Bicoptor presents a novel secure three-party computation protocol focusing on evaluating non-linear functions efficiently. The protocol improves the efficiency of computing non-linear functions like ReLU and Maxpool without preprocessing. By introducing a sign determination protocol, Bicoptor achieves two communication rounds without relying on preprocessing. The protocols developed by Bicoptor are GPU-friendly and demonstrate significant performance improvements compared to existing works. The DReLU/ReLU protocols achieve one or two orders of magnitude improvement over state-of-the-art works like Falcon or Edabits without batch processing.
Secure multiparty computation (MPC) is a fundamental cryptographic primitive that allows multiple parties to jointly evaluate efficiently computable functions while preserving input secrecy. MPC-based privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) has received considerable attention from the research community due to privacy concerns in machine learning where predictive models analyze sensitive data. Various works aim to improve the performance of MPC PPML with different settings, with Bicoptor standing out for its efficiency in evaluating non-linear functions.
The overhead of evaluating non-linear functions dominates the performance of secure multiparty computation based privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML). Bicoptor introduces a family of novel secure three-party computation protocols that improve the efficiency of evaluating non-linear functions like ReLU and Maxpool. These protocols only require two communication rounds without preprocessing, making them suitable for GPU implementation and achieving significant performance improvements.

Stats

Bicoptor achieves more than 370,000 DReLU/ReLU or 41,000 Maxpool operations per second under a 3-party LAN network over a public cloud.
The ReLU protocol in CryptGPU takes 3 + log ℓ communication rounds and 45ℓ bits of bandwidth.
Existing Maxpool protocols usually require dozens of communication rounds and are considered a bottleneck for PPML.

Citations

"Our high-level idea for the comparison protocol is as follows." - Bicoptor Research Team
"We manage to construct a two-round 3-party sign determination protocol with better performance without relying on preprocessing." - Bicoptor Research Team

Idées clés tirées de

Bicoptor

by Lijing Zhou,... à arxiv.org 03-07-2024

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.01988.pdf

Questions plus approfondies

How does Bicoptor's approach differ from existing methods in improving the efficiency of evaluating non-linear functions

Bicoptor's approach differs from existing methods in improving the efficiency of evaluating non-linear functions by introducing a novel sign determination protocol that allows for faster computation without preprocessing. The key difference lies in the use of repeated truncations to determine the sign of an input, which enables a more streamlined and efficient process compared to traditional methods. By optimizing the communication rounds and eliminating the need for preprocessing, Bicoptor significantly enhances the performance of evaluating non-linear functions in privacy-preserving machine learning.

What are the potential implications of achieving GPU-friendly protocols in privacy-preserving machine learning

Achieving GPU-friendly protocols in privacy-preserving machine learning has several potential implications. Firstly, it can greatly enhance the scalability and speed of computations, allowing for larger datasets and more complex models to be processed efficiently. This can lead to improved accuracy and faster decision-making processes in machine learning tasks while maintaining data privacy. Additionally, GPU-friendly protocols enable seamless integration with existing hardware infrastructure, making it easier for organizations to adopt privacy-preserving techniques without significant overhead costs or resource constraints.

How can the findings from Bicoptor be applied to enhance other aspects of secure multiparty computation beyond non-linear function evaluation

The findings from Bicoptor can be applied to enhance other aspects of secure multiparty computation beyond non-linear function evaluation by providing insights into efficient communication strategies and protocol design. For example:

The two-round communication model used in Bicoptor could inspire similar optimizations in other MPC protocols, reducing latency and enhancing overall performance.
The concept of probabilistic truncations introduced in Bicoptor could be adapted for use in different types of computations within secure multiparty settings.
The focus on GPU-friendly protocols could encourage further research into parallelizable algorithms and implementations that leverage hardware acceleration for various MPC applications.
By leveraging these principles and methodologies from Bicoptor, researchers can explore new avenues for improving efficiency, security, and scalability across a wide range of secure multiparty computation scenarios.