Sample-Efficient Human Evaluation of Large Language Models across Multiple Scenarios
מושגי ליבה
A sample-efficient human evaluation approach based on maximum discrepancy competition is proposed to fairly assess and rank the performance of large language models across diverse scenarios, including scientific knowledge understanding, mathematical reasoning, creative writing, and code generation.
תקציר
The paper presents a novel approach for evaluating and ranking large language models (LLMs) in a sample-efficient manner. The key highlights are:
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Instruction Pool Construction: The authors construct a large-scale instruction pool covering diverse scenarios, including scientific knowledge understanding, mathematical reasoning, creative writing, and code generation. This pool is generated by collecting seed instructions from various benchmarks and further evolving them to mimic real-world human-chatbot interactions.
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MAD Competition: The authors employ the principle of Maximum Discrepancy (MAD) competition to automatically select a small set of informative and diverse instructions that can effectively differentiate the performance of competing LLMs. This reduces the need for extensive human annotations.
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Human Evaluation: The selected instructions and corresponding LLM responses are subjected to human evaluation using a three-alternative forced choice (3-AFC) method, where participants indicate the preferred response. The pairwise comparison results are then aggregated using the Elo rating system to obtain a global ranking of the LLMs.
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Ranking Analysis: The authors evaluate eight representative LLMs and provide a comprehensive analysis of their relative strengths and weaknesses across the four scenarios. The results are compared with existing leaderboards, demonstrating the reliability and sample-efficiency of the proposed approach.
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Insights and Counterexamples: The identified counterexamples through the MAD competition can provide valuable insights for further enhancing the capabilities of LLMs, potentially through techniques like adversarial training.
The proposed method offers a labor-saving and unbiased approach to evaluate and rank LLMs, while providing detailed insights into their performance across diverse real-world scenarios.
Sample-Efficient Human Evaluation of Large Language Models via Maximum Discrepancy Competition
סטטיסטיקה
The authors report the following key figures:
30,000 evolved instructions were generated for each of the four scenarios.
280 paired comparisons were conducted for each competing LLM pair, independent of the scale of the instruction pool.
The evaluation involved 13 volunteer postgraduate participants with a strong background in computer science and engineering.
ציטוטים
"Our approach fairly evaluates the capabilities of the advanced LLMs across multiple dimensions, providing a solid ranking of their relative performance."
"The identified counterexamples through the MAD competition can provide valuable insights for further enhancing the capabilities of LLMs, potentially through techniques like adversarial training."
שאלות מעמיקות
How can the proposed evaluation method be extended to assess the performance of multimodal language models that handle inputs beyond just text, such as images, audio, and video
To extend the proposed evaluation method to assess multimodal language models, we need to adapt the instruction pool to include a diverse range of inputs beyond text. This would involve incorporating images, audio, and video prompts alongside text-based instructions. The selection of instructions should cater to each modality, ensuring a balanced representation of different input types. Additionally, the human evaluators would need to assess the model's responses across these modalities, considering factors like image recognition, audio understanding, and video comprehension. The evaluation process would involve comparing the model's performance in generating relevant and accurate responses across all modalities, providing a comprehensive assessment of its multimodal capabilities.
What are the potential biases and limitations of using human evaluators for assessing language model performance, and how can they be further mitigated
Using human evaluators for assessing language model performance can introduce biases such as personal preferences, fatigue, and inconsistency in judgment. To mitigate these biases, several strategies can be implemented:
Diverse Evaluator Pool: Ensure a diverse pool of evaluators with varied backgrounds and perspectives to reduce individual biases.
Training and Calibration: Provide thorough training to evaluators on evaluation criteria and calibration sessions to align their judgments.
Randomization: Randomize the order of evaluations and assignments to prevent order bias.
Blinding: Implement double-blind evaluations where evaluators are unaware of the model being assessed to reduce bias.
Quality Control: Regularly monitor and review evaluator performance to maintain consistency and accuracy.
Given the rapid advancements in language models, how can the proposed evaluation framework be continuously updated and scaled to accommodate the evaluation of an ever-growing number of models in a timely and cost-effective manner
To continuously update and scale the evaluation framework for an increasing number of models, the following strategies can be employed:
Automated Sampling: Implement automated sampling algorithms to select a subset of informative samples for evaluation, reducing human effort and time.
Scalable Infrastructure: Utilize scalable infrastructure and cloud computing resources to handle the evaluation of a large number of models simultaneously.
Active Learning: Incorporate active learning techniques to prioritize evaluations based on model performance, focusing resources on models that require further assessment.
Regular Updates: Continuously update the instruction pool with new prompts and scenarios to keep the evaluation framework relevant and reflective of real-world use cases.
Collaborative Evaluation: Collaborate with research communities and industry partners to share evaluation data and insights, enabling a collective effort in evaluating and ranking language models efficiently.
