Alapfogalmak
The presence and number of Y chromosomes in human karyotypes are associated with increased transposable element expression, which may contribute to a toxic effect on male longevity.
Kivonat
The study investigates the relationship between transposable element (TE) expression and sex chromosome karyotype composition in humans. The key findings are:
Individuals with more Y chromosomes (47,XXY and 47,XYY) show significantly higher overall TE expression compared to individuals with a normal female karyotype (46,XX). This suggests an association between the presence of the Y chromosome and increased TE expression.
The addition of a Y chromosome appears to amplify TE expression more than the addition of an X chromosome, supporting the "toxic Y" hypothesis that the Y chromosome may have a detrimental impact on longevity.
However, the study did not find a clear association between increased TE expression and aging in individuals with normal karyotypes (46,XY males vs 46,XX females). This may be due to the heterogeneity of the dataset used.
The study identified several differentially expressed TE subfamilies between males and females, as well as between different age groups, particularly in males. This indicates that TE expression is influenced by both sex and age.
The findings suggest a potential link between the Y chromosome, TE deregulation, and reduced longevity in males, opening a new avenue to study the toxic effects of the Y chromosome on human lifespan.
Statisztikák
"The presence and number of Y chromosomes in a karyotype are associated with increased overall TE expression."
"Individuals with 47,XXY and 47,XYY karyotypes show significantly higher TE expression compared to 46,XX females."
"The addition of a Y chromosome appears to amplify TE expression more than the addition of an X chromosome."
Idézetek
"The toxic Y hypothesis has been recently proposed to explain the existence of sex gap in longevity. This hypothesis relies on the high transposable element (TE) content in Y (or W) chromosomes."
"Since the Y chromosome is rich in TEs, more TEs might become active in old males compared to old females, generating more somatic mutations, accelerating aging and likely reducing longevity in males."