Optimal Power Flow Formulation for Resilient Power System Operation During Wildfires

Alapfogalmak

A novel cut-set and stability-constrained optimal power flow (CSCOPF) formulation that ensures secure, stable, and economic power system operation during active wildfires by integrating advanced contingency analysis techniques.

Kivonat

The paper introduces a comprehensive corrective action scheme to ensure resilient power system operation during active wildfires. The scheme is based on an advanced contingency analysis tool that accurately analyzes the impacts of such extreme event scenarios.
The key components of the proposed approach are:

Static Security using Cut-set Analysis:

The "feasibility test" (FT) algorithm is leveraged to exhaustively desaturate cut-sets and prevent cascading line outages.
This goes beyond traditional security approaches that only protect against branch overloads.

Transient Stability using Machine Learning:

A data-driven transient stability constraint prediction (TSCP) model is developed to accurately and reliably predict the appropriate correction factor for mitigating transient instabilities under varying loading conditions.
This prevents cascade tripping of generators.

Integrated CSCOPF Formulation:

The outcomes of the FT and TSCP algorithms are incorporated as constraints into an optimal power flow (OPF) formulation.
The OPF, modeled as an optimal redispatch problem, is run iteratively until all violations are addressed.

The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed CSCOPF approach is able to detect and alleviate cascading outage risks due to overloaded lines, generators, and cut-sets, while bearing minimal additional operational cost.

Statisztikák

534 MW of generation is at risk during the identified wildfire contingency.
The required cut-set transfer margin is -187.086 MW.
The required transient stability correction factor (TSCF) is -118 MW.

Idézetek

"Resilient operation of the power system during ongoing wildfires is challenging because of the uncertain ways in which the fires impact the electric power infrastructure."
"Conventional contingency analysis tools that usually deal with one fault occurring on a line/lines, are not equipped to handle such phenomena."

Főbb Kivonatok

Cut-set and Stability Constrained Optimal Power Flow for Resilient Operation During Wildfires

by Satyaprajna ... : arxiv.org 04-22-2024

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.05734.pdf

Mélyebb kérdések

How can the proposed CSCOPF approach be extended to account for the spatio-temporal dynamics of wildfire spread and its impact on the power grid

The proposed CSCOPF approach can be extended to account for the spatio-temporal dynamics of wildfire spread by integrating real-time wildfire monitoring data into the optimization model. By incorporating data from wildfire tracking systems like FlamMap, the model can dynamically adjust the contingency analysis based on the predicted path and intensity of the fire. This information can be used to proactively identify transmission corridors at risk of intersecting with the wildfire and trigger the contingency analysis process before the actual impact occurs. Additionally, by including weather data, topographical information, and vegetation density maps, the model can better predict the potential effects of the fire on the power grid infrastructure. This enhanced situational awareness can enable the CSCOPF to optimize generation redispatch and implement preemptive measures to mitigate risks in a more proactive and adaptive manner.

What are the potential limitations of the data-driven TSCP model, and how can its robustness be further improved

The data-driven TSCP model, while effective in predicting the required transient stability correction factor (TSCF) under varying loading conditions, may have limitations in handling extreme or unforeseen scenarios. To improve its robustness, several measures can be implemented:

Enhanced Training Data: Increasing the diversity and volume of training data by incorporating simulated extreme events and rare contingencies can help the model learn to generalize better.
Ensemble Learning: Implementing ensemble learning techniques by combining predictions from multiple models can improve accuracy and reduce prediction errors.
Continuous Learning: Implementing a continuous learning framework that updates the model with real-time data and feedback from system operations can enhance its adaptability to changing conditions.
Uncertainty Quantification: Incorporating uncertainty quantification methods to assess the confidence levels of TSCF predictions can provide insights into the reliability of the model's outputs.
Model Interpretability: Ensuring the model's interpretability by explaining the rationale behind its predictions can help operators trust and validate its outputs in critical decision-making processes.

What are the implications of the CSCOPF approach for the design and operation of renewable-rich power systems in the context of wildfire resilience

The implications of the CSCOPF approach for renewable-rich power systems in the context of wildfire resilience are significant.

Resilience Enhancement: By integrating the CSCOPF approach, renewable-rich power systems can enhance their resilience to wildfire-induced disturbances. The model's ability to quickly detect and mitigate dynamic instabilities can prevent widespread outages and minimize disruptions to renewable energy generation.
Optimal Resource Allocation: The CSCOPF approach can facilitate optimal resource allocation by dynamically adjusting generation redispatch strategies based on real-time wildfire impact assessments. This can ensure the efficient utilization of renewable energy resources while maintaining grid stability during wildfire events.
Risk Mitigation: The model's capability to address both static and dynamic insecurities can mitigate the risks associated with wildfire-induced faults, protecting critical renewable energy assets and infrastructure from damage.
Operational Cost Optimization: By minimizing operational costs while ensuring system security, the CSCOPF approach can help renewable-rich power systems maintain economic viability during wildfire events. This cost-effective approach can support sustainable energy operations in the face of increasing wildfire risks.