Unconditionally Maximum Bound Preserving and Original Energy Dissipative Arbitrarily High-Order Rescaled Exponential Time Differencing Runge-Kutta Schemes for Allen-Cahn Equations

Core Concepts

Arbitrarily high-order rescaled exponential time differencing Runge-Kutta (ETDRK) schemes are developed that unconditionally preserve the maximum bound principle and the original energy dissipation law for the Allen-Cahn equation.

Abstract

The key contributions of this work are:

A class of arbitrarily high-order ETDRK schemes are introduced that preserve the original energy dissipation law under a certain time step size restriction.

A rescaling technique is proposed to modify the interpolation polynomial in the ETDRK schemes, which ensures the unconditional preservation of the maximum bound principle (MBP).

The rescaled ETDRK schemes maintain the original energy dissipation law under a small time step constraint, without requiring the Lipschitz continuity assumption on the nonlinear term.

Rigorous convergence analysis is provided for the proposed arbitrarily high-order rescaled ETDRK schemes.

The authors first prove that the original energy dissipation law is preserved by the standard ETDRK schemes under a certain time step size restriction, assuming the nonlinearity is Lipschitz continuous. To relax this assumption, they then introduce a rescaling technique that adjusts the interpolation polynomial slightly without compromising the convergence order. This rescaled ETDRK scheme is shown to unconditionally preserve the MBP and the original energy dissipation law under a small time step constraint. The theoretical results are validated through numerical experiments.

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Maximum bound principle and original energy dissipation of arbitrarily high-order rescaled exponential time differencing Runge-Kutta schemes for Allen--Cahn equations

by Chaoyu Quan,... at arxiv.org 05-01-2024

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.19188.pdf

Deeper Inquiries

What are the potential applications of the proposed unconditionally MBP-preserving and original energy dissipative ETDRK schemes beyond the Allen-Cahn equation

The proposed unconditionally MBP-preserving and original energy dissipative ETDRK schemes have the potential for various applications beyond the Allen-Cahn equation. One key application is in the field of material science, where phase-field models like the Allen-Cahn equation are commonly used to simulate microstructural evolution in materials. By preserving the maximum bound principle (MBP) and original energy dissipation properties, these schemes can accurately model phase transitions, grain growth, and other phenomena in materials with complex microstructures. This can aid in the design of new materials with specific properties and behaviors.
Another application area is in computational biology, where phase-field models are utilized to study biological pattern formation, cell migration, and tissue growth. The ability of the ETDRK schemes to maintain both the MBP and original energy dissipation law can enhance the accuracy of simulations in biological systems, leading to better insights into developmental processes, disease progression, and drug interactions.
Furthermore, these schemes can be applied in fluid dynamics to simulate multiphase flows, interface dynamics, and fluid-structure interactions. By accurately capturing the energy dissipation and maintaining the maximum bound principle, the ETDRK schemes can improve the simulation of complex fluid behaviors, such as droplet coalescence, bubble dynamics, and wave propagation. This can have implications in various engineering fields, including aerospace, automotive, and environmental engineering.
In summary, the unconditionally MBP-preserving and original energy dissipative ETDRK schemes have broad applications in material science, computational biology, fluid dynamics, and other fields requiring accurate simulations of phase transitions, pattern formation, and fluid behavior.

How can the time step size restriction for preserving the original energy dissipation law be further relaxed or optimized

To further relax or optimize the time step size restriction for preserving the original energy dissipation law in the ETDRK schemes, several approaches can be considered:

Adaptive Time Stepping: Implement adaptive time-stepping techniques that dynamically adjust the time step size based on the solution behavior. By monitoring the error or energy dissipation rate during the simulation, the time step can be adaptively modified to ensure accuracy while relaxing the strict time step restrictions.

Implicit Time Integration: Explore implicit time integration methods that inherently dissipate energy and are unconditionally stable. Implicit schemes can allow for larger time steps without compromising accuracy, making them suitable for preserving the original energy dissipation law in high-order schemes.

Multirate Integration: Utilize multirate integration techniques that partition the system into fast and slow components, allowing for different time step sizes for each component. By adapting the time step sizes based on the dynamics of the system, multirate integration can optimize the overall time integration process while maintaining energy dissipation properties.

Higher-Order Schemes: Develop higher-order ETDRK schemes with improved stability properties that can dissipate energy effectively even with larger time steps. By enhancing the accuracy and stability of the schemes, it may be possible to relax the time step restrictions while preserving the original energy dissipation law.

By incorporating these strategies, the time step size restriction for preserving the original energy dissipation law in ETDRK schemes can be further relaxed or optimized, allowing for more efficient and accurate simulations.

Are there other techniques besides rescaling that can be used to develop arbitrarily high-order schemes satisfying both the MBP and original energy dissipation properties

Besides rescaling, there are other techniques that can be used to develop arbitrarily high-order schemes satisfying both the MBP and original energy dissipation properties. Some alternative techniques include:

Energy-Stable Schemes: Design numerical schemes that are energy-stable, meaning they dissipate energy or maintain energy balance over time. By ensuring energy stability, these schemes automatically preserve the original energy dissipation law without the need for additional constraints or modifications.

Structure-Preserving Methods: Explore structure-preserving methods that preserve the underlying physical structure of the system, including energy conservation properties. By maintaining the structural properties of the equations, these methods inherently satisfy the energy dissipation law and can be extended to higher-order schemes.

Symplectic Integrators: Consider symplectic integrators, which are numerical methods that preserve symplectic structure and energy conservation in Hamiltonian systems. By adapting symplectic integrators to phase-field models like the Allen-Cahn equation, it is possible to develop high-order schemes that guarantee both the MBP and original energy dissipation properties.

Optimal Control Techniques: Apply optimal control techniques to optimize the time integration process while ensuring energy dissipation and MBP preservation. By formulating the time-stepping problem as an optimization task, it is possible to find solutions that meet the desired energy dissipation criteria while allowing for larger time steps.

By incorporating these alternative techniques alongside rescaling, it is possible to develop a diverse range of high-order schemes that satisfy both the MBP and original energy dissipation properties in phase-field models and other systems.