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Generating Realistic and Animatable 3D Avatars from Text Prompts or Single Images with Authenticity-Guided Textures


Core Concepts
The proposed UltrAvatar framework can generate high-quality, diverse, and animatable 3D avatars from either text prompts or single face images, by leveraging a diffuse color extraction model and an authenticity-guided texture diffusion model.
Abstract

The paper presents a novel approach, UltrAvatar, for generating realistic and animatable 3D avatars from either text prompts or single face images. The key contributions are:

  1. Diffuse Color Extraction (DCE) Model:

    • Observes that the self-attention features in the diffusion model capture lighting effects in the input image.
    • Proposes a DCE model that can effectively remove unwanted lighting effects, such as shadows and specular highlights, to reveal the true diffuse colors of the face.
    • This ensures the generated avatars can be properly rendered under new lighting conditions.
  2. Authenticity-Guided Texture Diffusion Model (AGT-DM):

    • Trains a texture diffusion model to generate high-quality, complete facial textures that align well with the 3D mesh.
    • Incorporates two gradient-based guidances - photometric and edge - to preserve the identity-specific facial details and enhance the realism of the generated textures.
    • Outputs a full set of physically-based rendering (PBR) textures, including diffuse colors, normal maps, specular, and roughness.
  3. Comprehensive Evaluation:

    • Demonstrates superior performance compared to state-of-the-art text-to-avatar and image-to-avatar generation methods in terms of perceptual quality, text-image alignment, and multi-view rendering.
    • Showcases the capability to generate diverse and realistic avatars for a wide range of text prompts and input images, including challenging cases and out-of-domain characters.

The proposed UltrAvatar framework can efficiently generate high-fidelity, animatable 3D avatars that maintain the identity and facial details of the input, while being robust to lighting conditions and perspective changes.

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Stats
"The proposed approach can generate high-quality diverse 3D avatars with true colors and sharp details." "UltrAvatar outperforms state-of-the-art text-to-avatar and image-to-avatar generation methods in terms of perceptual quality, text-image alignment, and multi-view rendering." "The DCE model can effectively remove unwanted lighting effects, such as shadows and specular highlights, to reveal the true diffuse colors of the face." "The AGT-DM can generate high-quality, complete facial textures that align well with the 3D mesh, and output a full set of physically-based rendering (PBR) textures."
Quotes
"Our key observation is that the self-attention block in the diffusion model indeed captures the lighting effects, enabling us to reveal the true diffuse colors by proposing a diffuse color extraction (DCE) model to robustly eliminate the lighting from the texture of the input image." "We introduce an authenticity guided diffusion model to generate PBR textures. It can provide high-quality complete textures that well align with 3D meshes without susceptible lighting effects."

Deeper Inquiries

How could the proposed framework be extended to generate avatars for full-body or other non-facial 3D models?

The proposed UltrAvatar framework, which excels in generating realistic animatable 3D facial avatars, can be extended to create full-body or other non-facial 3D models through several key modifications. First, the framework could incorporate a more comprehensive 3D body model, such as SMPL (Skinned Multi-Person Linear model), which allows for the representation of full-body shapes and poses. By integrating the FLAME model with SMPL, the framework could leverage the existing facial detail extraction techniques while adapting them to capture the complexities of full-body geometry. To achieve this, the diffuse color extraction model (DCE) would need to be adapted to handle full-body images, ensuring that lighting effects are effectively removed from various body parts. This could involve training the DCE model on a diverse dataset that includes full-body images under different lighting conditions, thereby enhancing its robustness. Additionally, the authenticity-guided texture diffusion model (AGT-DM) could be expanded to generate textures for the entire body, including clothing and accessories, by incorporating additional texture maps for different materials and surfaces. Furthermore, the input modalities could be diversified to include not only text prompts and facial images but also full-body images or videos. This would allow users to generate avatars based on a wider range of inputs, enhancing the versatility of the framework. By implementing these modifications, the UltrAvatar framework could effectively generate high-quality, animatable full-body avatars suitable for various applications, including virtual fashion, social media, and immersive experiences.

What are the potential applications and use cases of the generated high-quality, animatable 3D avatars beyond gaming and virtual reality?

The high-quality, animatable 3D avatars generated by the UltrAvatar framework have a wide array of potential applications beyond gaming and virtual reality. One significant use case is in the field of digital marketing and advertising, where brands can create personalized avatars for customer engagement. These avatars can be used in virtual try-on experiences for fashion and cosmetics, allowing consumers to visualize how products would look on them before making a purchase. In the realm of education and training, animatable avatars can serve as virtual instructors or avatars for role-playing scenarios, enhancing interactive learning experiences. For instance, in medical training, realistic avatars can simulate patient interactions, providing students with valuable practice in a safe environment. Another promising application is in the entertainment industry, where 3D avatars can be utilized in animated films, television shows, and online content creation. Content creators can leverage these avatars to produce diverse characters without the need for extensive motion capture setups, streamlining the production process. Moreover, the avatars can be employed in social media platforms, enabling users to create and share personalized digital representations of themselves. This can enhance user interaction and engagement, fostering a sense of community in virtual spaces. Lastly, the technology can be applied in telepresence and remote collaboration, where realistic avatars can represent individuals in virtual meetings, making interactions more engaging and lifelike. This can significantly improve communication and collaboration in remote work settings.

Could the diffuse color extraction and authenticity-guided texture generation techniques be applied to other domains beyond 3D avatar creation, such as image editing or 3D reconstruction?

Yes, the diffuse color extraction and authenticity-guided texture generation techniques developed in the UltrAvatar framework can be effectively applied to other domains beyond 3D avatar creation, including image editing and 3D reconstruction. In image editing, the diffuse color extraction model (DCE) can be utilized to enhance photographs by removing unwanted lighting effects, such as glare and shadows, thereby revealing the true colors of the subjects. This technique can be particularly beneficial in portrait photography, where accurate skin tones and details are crucial for achieving a natural look. By integrating the DCE into image editing software, users can achieve more realistic and visually appealing results. For 3D reconstruction, the authenticity-guided texture diffusion model (AGT-DM) can be employed to generate high-quality textures for reconstructed 3D models from images. This is especially relevant in fields such as cultural heritage preservation, where accurate and detailed textures are essential for creating realistic digital representations of artifacts and historical sites. By applying the AGT-DM, the reconstructed models can exhibit enhanced fidelity and detail, making them more suitable for educational and exhibition purposes. Additionally, these techniques can be adapted for use in augmented reality (AR) applications, where realistic textures and colors are vital for blending virtual objects with the real world. By ensuring that the generated textures align with the lighting conditions of the environment, the DCE and AGT-DM can significantly improve the realism of AR experiences. Overall, the methodologies developed in the UltrAvatar framework have broad applicability across various domains, enhancing the quality and realism of visual content in diverse contexts.
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