Crassous, J., Poincloux, S., & Steinberger, A. (2024). Metastability of a periodic network of threads: what are the shapes of a knitted fabric? arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.07811v2.
This study investigates the factors determining the rest shapes of knitted fabrics, particularly focusing on the role of frictional contacts between threads. The authors challenge the assumption of a single, predictable rest state and explore the concept of metastability in knitted structures.
The research employs a combined approach of experimental investigation, numerical simulations using Discrete Elastic Rods (DER), and analytical modeling. Experiments involve stretching and relaxing a knitted fabric while measuring forces and dimensions. DER simulations model thread interactions with frictional contacts, and a 2D-elastica model simplifies the analysis of thread equilibrium under contact forces.
The study demonstrates that frictional contacts between threads lead to a multiplicity of metastable rest states in knitted fabrics. This finding has significant implications for understanding the mechanical behavior of knitted structures, including their deformability, hysteresis, and ability to conform to curved surfaces.
This research provides valuable insights into the mechanics of knitted fabrics, a widely used material with applications in textiles, composites, and metamaterials. The findings have implications for designing knitted structures with tailored mechanical properties and understanding their behavior under various loading conditions.
The study focuses on a specific type of knit (Jersey stitch) and idealized thread properties. Further research could explore the influence of different knit structures, yarn properties (e.g., bending stiffness, friction coefficient), and more complex loading scenarios on the metastability and shape formation of knitted fabrics.
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