Goal-Oriented Bayesian Optimal Experimental Design for Nonlinear Models using Markov Chain Monte Carlo

Centrala begrepp

Predictive goal-oriented OED seeks to maximize the expected information gain on quantities of interest, distinct from traditional parameter-focused OED.

Sammanfattning

The content introduces a computational framework for predictive goal-oriented optimal experimental design (GO-OED) suitable for nonlinear models. It contrasts the traditional parameter-focused OED with the GO-OED approach, emphasizing the importance of maximizing the expected information gain on predictive quantities of interest (QoIs) rather than model parameters. The article discusses the challenges of nonlinear observation and prediction models, proposing a nested Monte Carlo estimator for QoI EIG. It outlines the methodology, numerical methods, and computational approaches for Bayesian predictive GO-OED. The effectiveness of the GO-OED method is demonstrated through various test problems and an application of sensor placement for source inversion in a convection-diffusion field.
Introduction

Optimal experimental design (OED) quantifies and maximizes the value of experimental data.
Different experiments offer varying degrees of usefulness based on the experiment's value.
Goal-oriented optimal experimental design (GO-OED) focuses on reducing uncertainty on predictive quantities of interest (QoIs) rather than model parameters.
Problem Formulation

Observation model relates observations to model parameters and experimental design.
Bayesian perspective updates the probability density function of model parameters based on new data.
Prediction model maps model parameters to predictive quantities of interest (QoIs).
Numerical Methods

Monte Carlo estimation used to evaluate the expected utility for GO-OED.
Posterior sampling via Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) for Bayesian inference problems.
Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) for approximating prior-predictive and posterior-predictive densities.
Bayesian Optimization

Gaussian Process Regression used to model the uncertainty of the objective function.
Acquisition function guides the selection of the next evaluation point.
Optimization update involves selecting the next evaluation point based on the acquisition function.

Statistik

"The posterior depicts the updated uncertainty after observing y from an experiment performed at d."
"Detailed balance is satisfied if the proposed point is accepted with probability."

Citat

"The MI criterion can be shown to simplify to the Bayesian D-optimal design when applied to a linear model."
"The key novelty and contributions of our work can be summarized as follows."

Viktiga insikter från

Goal-Oriented Bayesian Optimal Experimental Design for Nonlinear Models using Markov Chain Monte Carlo

by Shijie Zhong... på arxiv.org 03-28-2024

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.18072.pdf

Djupare frågor

How does the GO-OED approach impact the efficiency of experimental design compared to traditional OED methods

The GO-OED approach significantly impacts the efficiency of experimental design compared to traditional OED methods by focusing on the predictive quantities of interest (QoIs) rather than just the model parameters. Traditional OED methods aim to reduce uncertainty in the model parameters, which may not always align with the ultimate goal of the experiment. In contrast, GO-OED seeks to maximize the expected information gain (EIG) on the QoIs directly related to the scientific question motivating the experiment. By optimizing the experimental design based on the QoIs, the GO-OED approach ensures that the collected data will be most valuable for achieving the desired outcomes. This targeted approach leads to more effective and efficient experimental designs, as resources are allocated towards gathering data that directly impacts the specific goals of the study.

What are the implications of the nested Monte Carlo estimator for the computational complexity of GO-OED

The nested Monte Carlo estimator used in the GO-OED approach introduces both advantages and challenges in terms of computational complexity. On the one hand, the nested MC estimator allows for the estimation of the expected utility through multiple levels of sampling, enabling the evaluation of the EIG on the QoIs. This approach provides a more accurate representation of the uncertainty reduction on the predictive quantities, leading to better-informed experimental design decisions. However, the nested MC estimator also increases the computational burden of the GO-OED method. Performing posterior sampling through Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and conducting kernel density estimation (KDE) for evaluating the posterior-predictive density require additional computational resources. As a result, the computational complexity of GO-OED is higher compared to traditional OED methods that focus solely on model parameter uncertainty.

How might the findings of this study influence the design of experiments in other fields beyond statistics

The findings of this study have implications for the design of experiments across various fields beyond statistics. By emphasizing the optimization of experimental designs based on predictive quantities of interest, the GO-OED approach can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of experiments in diverse domains. For example, in engineering, the GO-OED method can be applied to optimize sensor placement for monitoring systems, leading to improved data collection strategies and more accurate predictions. In environmental science, GO-OED can help in designing experiments to study complex systems like climate models or ecological processes, where the focus is on predicting specific outcomes rather than just model parameters. Additionally, in healthcare and pharmaceutical research, GO-OED can aid in designing clinical trials and experiments to maximize the information gained about patient outcomes or drug efficacy. Overall, the principles and methodologies of GO-OED can be adapted and applied to various fields to enhance the quality and efficiency of experimental design.