Optimized Low-Carbon Scheduling of an Integrated Energy System Considering Waste Heat Utilization under the Coordinated Operation of a Waste Incineration Power Plant and Power-to-Gas

แนวคิดหลัก

This paper proposes an economic operation strategy for an integrated energy system (IES) with waste heat recovery, which coordinates the operation of a waste incineration power plant and a power-to-gas (P2G) system to improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.

บทคัดย่อ

The paper presents a comprehensive model for an IES that integrates a waste incineration power plant, a P2G system, and other energy conversion devices. The key highlights are:

1. Detailed modeling of the two-stage operation process of the P2G system, including the integration of hydrogen fuel cells to reduce energy conversion losses and the recovery of the exothermic heat from the methanation reaction.

2. Incorporation of a waste heat recovery system with a water-source heat pump to improve the energy efficiency of the waste incineration power plant, as well as a CO2 separation device to provide the CO2 feedstock for the P2G system.

3. Formulation of an optimization model that minimizes the overall operating cost of the IES under a stepwise carbon trading mechanism, and utilization of the GUROBI optimization engine to solve the model.

The proposed approach aims to enhance the utilization of renewable energy, reduce carbon emissions, and improve the economic performance of the integrated energy system.

สถิติ

The waste incineration power plant has a constant daily total output of WI MW.
The waste incineration power plant has a maximum output of WI,max MW and a minimum output of WI,min MW.
The waste heat recovery system can recover approximately 300 MWh of waste heat from the flue gas generated by burning 500 tons of waste per day.
1 ton of waste generates approximately 0.3 tons of CO2.
The energy conversion efficiency of the electrolyzer (EL) is EL.
The energy conversion efficiency of the methane reactor (MR) is MR.
The heat-to-power ratio of the combined heat and power (CHP) unit is between kmin
CHP and kmax
CHP.
The energy conversion efficiency of the gas boiler (GB) is GB.

คำพูด

"For the purpose of improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing carbon emissions, an economic operation strategy for an integrated energy system (IES) with waste heat recovery, which coordinates the operation of a waste incineration power plant and a power-to-gas (P2G) system, is proposed."
"To improve the energy utilization efficiency of the waste incineration power plant and reduce carbon emissions, a waste heat recovery device with a water-source heat pump is installed, which consumes a small amount of electricity to recover the flue gas waste heat and absorb wind power."

ข้อมูลเชิงลึกที่สำคัญจาก

Low carbon optimal scheduling of integrated energy system considering waste heat utilization under the coordinated operation of incineration power plant and P2G

by Limeng Wang,... ที่ arxiv.org 09-12-2024

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.07254.pdf

สอบถามเพิ่มเติม

How can the proposed IES model be extended to incorporate other renewable energy sources, such as solar photovoltaics, to further enhance the system's flexibility and sustainability?

The proposed Integrated Energy System (IES) model can be extended to incorporate solar photovoltaics (PV) by integrating PV generation into the energy supply side of the system. This can be achieved through the following strategies:

Dynamic Load Matching: The model can be enhanced to include real-time data on solar irradiance and PV output, allowing for dynamic load matching. This would enable the system to adjust the operation of the waste incineration power plant and P2G systems based on the availability of solar energy, thus optimizing the overall energy mix.

Energy Storage Solutions: Incorporating energy storage systems, such as batteries, can help manage the intermittent nature of solar energy. The optimization model can include constraints and objectives related to battery charging and discharging, ensuring that excess solar energy is stored and utilized during periods of low solar generation.

Hybrid Operation Strategies: The model can explore hybrid operation strategies where solar energy is used in conjunction with waste heat recovery from the incineration process. For instance, excess solar energy could be used to power the electrolyzer in the P2G system, enhancing hydrogen production while reducing reliance on grid electricity.

Demand Response Mechanisms: Integrating demand response strategies can further enhance flexibility. The model can include mechanisms to shift or curtail loads based on solar generation forecasts, thereby maximizing the utilization of renewable energy and minimizing waste.

Multi-Objective Optimization: The optimization model can be expanded to consider multiple objectives, such as maximizing renewable energy utilization, minimizing carbon emissions, and ensuring economic viability. This would require the development of a multi-objective optimization framework that balances these competing goals.

By incorporating these strategies, the IES model can significantly enhance its flexibility and sustainability, making it more resilient to fluctuations in energy supply and demand while promoting the use of renewable energy sources.

What are the potential challenges and barriers to the widespread adoption of the coordinated waste incineration power plant and P2G system approach, and how can they be addressed?

The widespread adoption of the coordinated waste incineration power plant and P2G system approach faces several challenges and barriers, including:

Regulatory and Policy Frameworks: Existing regulations may not adequately support the integration of waste incineration and P2G technologies. Policymakers need to create supportive frameworks that incentivize the adoption of these technologies, such as subsidies for carbon capture and utilization, and streamlined permitting processes.

Public Acceptance and Perception: There may be public resistance to waste incineration due to concerns about emissions and environmental impacts. Engaging with communities through education and transparency about the benefits of waste-to-energy technologies and their role in reducing carbon emissions can help build public support.

Technological Integration: The technical complexity of integrating multiple systems (waste incineration, P2G, and energy storage) can pose challenges. Developing standardized protocols and interfaces for system integration, along with pilot projects to demonstrate feasibility, can facilitate smoother adoption.

Economic Viability: The initial capital investment for setting up integrated systems can be high. Financial models that demonstrate long-term savings and environmental benefits, along with access to financing options, can help mitigate this barrier.

Market Dynamics: Fluctuations in energy prices and carbon markets can impact the economic feasibility of the coordinated approach. Establishing stable pricing mechanisms for carbon credits and renewable energy certificates can provide more predictable revenue streams for operators.

Addressing these challenges requires a collaborative approach involving stakeholders from government, industry, and the community to create a conducive environment for the adoption of integrated waste incineration and P2G systems.

Given the importance of reducing carbon emissions, how could the proposed optimization model be adapted to prioritize emissions reduction over cost minimization, and what would be the trade-offs involved?

To adapt the proposed optimization model to prioritize emissions reduction over cost minimization, several modifications can be made:

Revised Objective Function: The optimization model can be restructured to include a primary objective of minimizing carbon emissions, with cost minimization as a secondary objective. This can be achieved by introducing a penalty for carbon emissions in the objective function, effectively weighting emissions more heavily than costs.

Enhanced Emission Constraints: The model can incorporate stricter emission limits for each component of the IES, such as the waste incineration plant and P2G systems. This would require the system to operate within defined carbon budgets, promoting cleaner technologies and practices.

Incentives for Low-Carbon Technologies: The optimization framework can include incentives for using low-carbon technologies, such as renewable energy sources and energy storage systems. This could involve adjusting the cost coefficients in the model to favor technologies that contribute to lower emissions.

Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: Implementing a multi-criteria decision analysis approach can help balance emissions reduction with other factors, such as reliability and economic feasibility. This would allow decision-makers to evaluate trade-offs and make informed choices based on a broader set of criteria.

Scenario Analysis: Conducting scenario analyses to assess the impact of different emissions reduction strategies on overall system performance can provide insights into the effectiveness of various approaches. This can help identify optimal pathways for achieving emissions targets while maintaining system reliability.

The trade-offs involved in prioritizing emissions reduction over cost minimization may include:

Increased Operational Costs: Implementing low-carbon technologies and adhering to stricter emission limits may lead to higher operational costs, which could impact the economic viability of the system.

Potential Reliability Issues: Focusing solely on emissions reduction may compromise system reliability if not balanced with adequate energy supply and demand management strategies.

Investment in New Technologies: Transitioning to low-carbon technologies may require significant upfront investments, which could pose financial challenges for operators.
Overall, while prioritizing emissions reduction can lead to significant environmental benefits, it is essential to carefully consider the associated trade-offs to ensure a balanced and sustainable energy system.