Kernkonzepte
Incidence of early-onset cancer is rising globally.
Zusammenfassung
Recent data reveals a significant increase in early-onset cancer cases worldwide, particularly among individuals under 50 years old. The article discusses the rise in cancer incidence, mortality rates, and trends over the past 30 years. It highlights the top cancers affecting young adults, the impact on different regions, and potential risk factors contributing to this concerning trend. The need for prevention, early detection, and tailored treatment strategies for early-onset cancers is emphasized.
Early-Onset Cancer Trends
Global increase in new cancer cases under 50 years old by 79% from 1990 to 2019.
Highest incidence and mortality rates in early-onset breast cancer.
Rapid increase in tracheal and prostate cancer cases.
Decline in early-onset liver cancer cases.
Mortality Rates and Trends
Over a million cancer deaths among patients under 50 years in 2019.
Top cancers with highest mortality rates include breast, lung, stomach, and colorectal cancers.
Increasing mortality trends in kidney and ovarian cancers.
Regional Variances
Highest early-onset cancer rates in North America, Australasia, and Western Europe.
Concerns about early-onset cancer burden in low- to middle-income countries.
Impact of early-onset cancer higher on women in certain regions.
Hypotheses and Limitations
Genetic factors and lifestyle choices like diet, alcohol, and tobacco contribute to early-onset cancers.
Limitations include data accuracy, underreporting, and screening challenges.
Emerging research areas like gut microbiome and environmental exposures are being explored.
Recommendations
Urgent need for prevention, early detection, and tailored treatment strategies.
Consider expanding screening programs to include individuals aged 40-49.
Further studies and trials required for conclusive determinations.
Statistiken
Over the past 30 years, new cancer cases in patients younger than 50 years have increased by 79% worldwide, reaching 3.26 million cases.
Early-onset breast cancer had the highest incidence (13.7) and mortality (3.5 per 100k) rates globally.
The incidence of tracheal and prostate cancer has increased rapidly since 1990, with annual percentage changes estimated at 2.28% and 2.23%, respectively.
Early-onset liver cancer cases dropped by around 2.88% year on year.
More than a million cancer deaths occurred among patients younger than 50 years in 2019, marking an increase of slightly less than 28% compared to 1990 figures.
Zitate
"It is worth exploring whether early screening and prevention programs for early-onset cancer should be expanded to include individuals aged 40 – 44 and 45 – 49." - Authors
"Prevention and early detection measures are urgently required, along with identifying optimal treatment strategies for early-onset cancers." - Authors
"Full understanding of the reasons driving the observed trends remains elusive, although lifestyle factors are likely contributing." - Authors