The authors develop a framework that enables the inference of three-nucleon couplings in dense matter directly from astrophysical neutron star observations. They apply this formalism to the LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave event GW170817 and the X-ray measurements from NASA's Neutron-Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) to establish direct constraints for the couplings c1 and c3 that govern three-nucleon interactions in chiral effective field theory.
The authors employ recent advances in machine learning to overcome the computational challenges associated with translating microscopic nuclear interactions to macroscopic neutron star observables. They use a parametric matrix model to rapidly calculate the equation of state of neutron matter and an ensemble of neural networks to predict the tidal deformability of neutron stars.
The authors find that existing neutron star observations do not yet provide high-precision constraints on the three-nucleon couplings due to significant statistical uncertainties. However, they demonstrate that next-generation gravitational-wave detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, can offer stringent constraints on c3, potentially at a level comparable to those from laboratory data on pion-nucleon scattering. This would enable a direct connection between microscopic couplings in quantum field theories and macroscopic observations of neutron stars, providing a nontrivial test of the consistency between low-energy couplings inferred from terrestrial and astrophysical data.
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by Rahul Somasu... klo arxiv.org 10-02-2024
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.00247.pdfSyvällisempiä Kysymyksiä