
Allergies may have played a role in the extinction of mammoths, as suggested by recent research.


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New Study Suggests They Could, At Least, Have Contributed

Did Mammoths Go Extinct Because They Got Allergies?

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Allergies and the Extinction of Mammoths: Exploring a Surprising Connection


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Failure is an inevitable part of the journey to success, and embracing it is the key to achieving lasting fulfillment.


You will enjoy your work more after you figure this out.

Remember, Enjoy Your Journey Is Better Than Any Result

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Embracing Failure: The Path to Lasting Success



終端蟻社會複雜度的增加與自然選擇效率的降低存在關聯。


In eusocial species, reproduction is monopolized by a few reproductive individuals. From the perspective of population genetics, this implies that the effective population size ( Ne ) of these organisms is likely to be smaller compared to solitary species, as has been proposed in the literature for eusocial hymenoptera. In this study, we investigate the genomic consequences of eusociality in termites (Isoptera) on two different timescales. First, by analyzing transcriptome data from 66 Blattodea species, we focus on the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous mutations ( d  N  /d  S ) as a marker of natural selection efficiency and effective population size. Our results demonstrate an elevated d  N  /d  S  ratio in termites compared to other members of Blattodea, further generalizing the idea that convergent evolution toward eusociality strongly reduces the effective population size and the genome-wide efficiency of natural selection. Then, by comparing 68 termite transcriptomes, we show that this decrease in natural selection efficiency is even more pronounced in termites displaying high levels of social complexity. This study contributes to understanding the complex interplay between social structures and natural selection patterns, highlighting the genetic footprint of eusociality in shaping the evolution of termites.

### Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

The impact of social complexity on the efficacy of natural selection in termites

終端蟻社會演化降低自然選擇效率


사회적 진화는 유효 집단 크기를 감소시켜 자연선택의 효율성을 저하시킨다.


종의-사회적-진화가-자연선택-효율성을-감소시킨다


종의 사회적 진화가 자연선택 효율성을 감소시킨다



Eusociality in termites is associated with a genome-wide reduction in the efficiency of natural selection, as evidenced by an elevated ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous mutations (dN/dS).


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Eusociality in Termites Reduces the Efficiency of Natural Selection



哺乳動物頜骨結構和進化是脊椎動物演化的一個重要主題,最新研究發現了兩種古老哺乳動物親緣物種的令人驚訝的發現,促使古生物學家重新思考經典的哺乳動物頜骨鉸鏈如何演化的長期問題。


Fossil evidence sheds light on how jaw joints can evolve.

A jaw-dropping discovery about early mammals

關於早期哺乳動物的令人驚嘆的發現


The discovery of unexpected jaw structures in two ancient mammalian relatives challenges long-held assumptions about the evolution of the iconic mammalian jaw hinge.


discovery-of-unexpected-jaw-structures-in-early-mammalian-relatives-challenges-established-views-on-mammalian-jaw-evolution


Discovery of Unexpected Jaw Structures in Early Mammalian Relatives Challenges Established Views on Mammalian Jaw Evolution



The dentary-squamosal jaw joint, traditionally considered a key mammalian feature, evolved independently multiple times in non-mammaliaform probainognathian cynodonts before appearing in mammaliaforms.


The dentary–squamosal contact, traditionally considered to be a typical mammalian feature, evolved more than once and is more evolutionary labile than previously considered.

Brazilian fossils reveal homoplasy in the oldest mammalian jaw joint - Nature

brazilian-fossils-reveal-repeated-evolution-of-mammalian-like-jaw-joint-in-non-mammaliaform-cynodonts


Brazilian Fossils Reveal Repeated Evolution of Mammalian-like Jaw Joint in Non-mammaliaform Cynodonts



제안된 mLSHADE-RL 알고리즘은 다중 진화 알고리즘과 연산자를 통합하여 성능을 향상시킨다. 집단은 다중 연산자 LSHADE-cnEpSin(mLSHADE)를 사용하여 업데이트되며, 정체 추적 절차와 재시작 메커니즘이 통합되어 정체를 극복한다. 또한 진화 과정의 후반부에 국소 탐색 방법이 적용되어 mLSHADE-RL의 탐색 능력을 향상시킨다.


다중-연산자-앙상블-lshade와-재시작-및-국소-탐색-메커니즘을-이용한-단일-목적-최적화


다중 연산자 앙상블 LSHADE와 재시작 및 국소 탐색 메커니즘을 이용한 단일 목적 최적화



The core message of this paper is to develop an adaptive bias control mechanism for nonlinear opinion dynamics that can efficiently allocate a group of agents between two tasks in an evolutionary division of labor game, where the underlying payoff matrix is not known a priori.


adaptive-bias-control-for-collective-decision-making-in-nonlinear-opinion-dynamics-with-application-to-evolutionary-division-of-labor-games


Adaptive Bias Control for Collective Decision-Making in Nonlinear Opinion Dynamics with Application to Evolutionary Division of Labor Games
