Large Language Models in Biomedical and Health Informatics: A Comprehensive Review

Alapfogalmak

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI) by enhancing data analysis, patient care, and research through advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications.

Kivonat

This comprehensive review explores the impact of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Biomedical and Health Informatics. It covers their applications, evaluation frameworks, ethical considerations, and potential across various disease categories. The content is structured into sections focusing on LLM methodologies, outcomes in BHI applications, and specific disease categories.
Introduction:

LLMs redefine NLP landscape in BHI.
Applications include clinical support, patient engagement.
Novel approaches address healthcare challenges.
Data Extraction:

"LLMs have trained using 175 billion parameters."
"BERT model revolutionized machine understanding."
Quotations:

"LLMs have rapidly become important tools in BHI."
"The advent of groundbreaking models like GPT has demonstrated capabilities to process human-like text."
Inquiry and Critical Thinking:
How can LLMs address ethical concerns in BHI?
What are the implications of integrating LLMs into medical education?
How can LLMs improve patient outcomes beyond diagnosis?

Statisztikák

LLMs have trained using 175 billion parameters.
BERT model revolutionized machine understanding.

Idézetek

"LLMs have rapidly become important tools in BHI."
"The advent of groundbreaking models like GPT has demonstrated capabilities to process human-like text."

Főbb Kivonatok

Large Language Models in Biomedical and Health Informatics

by Huizi Yu,Liz... : arxiv.org 03-26-2024

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.16303.pdf

Mélyebb kérdések

How can LLMs address ethical concerns in BHI?

Ethical concerns in Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI) related to Large Language Models (LLMs) can be addressed through various strategies:

Transparency: Ensuring transparency in the development and deployment of LLMs is crucial. Providing clear explanations of how these models work, their limitations, and potential biases can help build trust with stakeholders.

Data Privacy: Implementing robust data privacy measures to protect patient information is essential. LLM developers should adhere to strict data security protocols and anonymize sensitive data to prevent breaches.

Bias Mitigation: Proactively identifying and mitigating biases within LLM algorithms is vital for fair decision-making processes in healthcare settings. Regular audits of the models for bias detection are recommended.

Informed Consent: Patients should be informed about the use of LLMs in their care, including how their data will be used and shared. Obtaining explicit consent ensures that patients are aware of the implications of using AI technologies.

Accountability: Establishing clear accountability mechanisms for decisions made by LLMs is necessary. Healthcare providers must take responsibility for interpreting model outputs and making final decisions based on clinical judgment.

Regulatory Compliance: Adhering to existing regulations such as HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) ensures that patient data privacy rights are protected when utilizing LLMs in healthcare applications.

How can integrating LLMs into medical education impact the field?

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into medical education has several implications for the field:

Personalized Learning: By leveraging LLM technology, medical educators can create personalized learning experiences tailored to individual student needs, pacing, and preferences.

2 .Enhanced Curriculum Development: Incorporating LLM-generated content into educational materials can enrich curriculum development by providing up-to-date information from diverse sources.
3 .Clinical Decision Support: Medical students can benefit from using chatbots powered by LMMs as virtual assistants during training sessions or simulations, aiding them in clinical decision-making processes.
4 .Efficient Information Retrieval: Students have access to vast amounts of medical knowledge at their fingertips through AI-powered tools like GPT-4V which facilitate quick retrieval of relevant information.
5 .Improved Diagnostic Skills: Practicing with diagnostic scenarios generated by an advanced language model enhances students' diagnostic skills while exposing them to a wide range of cases they may encounter in real-world practice.

How can LMMs improve patient outcomes beyond diagnosis?

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer numerous ways to enhance patient outcomes beyond diagnosis:
1 .Personalized Treatment Plans: By analyzing extensive datasets on individual patients’ health records, symptoms, genetic factors etc., LLMS enable clinicians develop personalized treatment plans tailored specifically towards each patient's unique needs
2 .Patient Engagement & Education:

Chatbots powered by LLMS provide continuous support outside clinic hours
Generate easy-to-understand health messages
Enhance communication between patients & healthcare providers
3 .Mental Health Support:

Monitor mental health trends
Provide scalable interventions
Assist individuals struggling with mental health issues
4 .Remote Monitoring:
With remote monitoring enabled by wearable devices connected via IoT(Internet-of-Things), LLMS analyze real-time physiological signals enabling early intervention if any anomalies detected
5 .Predictive Analytics:
Predict disease progression or identify high-risk populations allowing proactive preventive measures
6 Drug Discovery: Identify drug candidates more efficiently leading faster drug discovery process resulting improved treatments
These applications demonstrate how incorporating Large Language Models across different aspects of healthcare delivery leads not only accurate diagnoses but also enhanced overall quality care provided improving long-term outcomes for patients