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Skolemization for Focused Intuitionistic Linear Logic


Alapfogalmak
This work presents a sound and complete skolemization procedure for focused intuitionistic linear logic (LJF), which eliminates backtracking caused by resolving quantifiers in the wrong order.
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The paper introduces a skolemized variant of focused intuitionistic linear logic (SLJF) that encodes dependencies between quantifier rules and non-invertible propositional rules using explicit substitutions. The main contributions are:

  1. Definition of SLJF, a quantifier-free version of LJF that captures necessary constraints through skolemization.
  2. A skolemization procedure from LJF to SLJF that is shown to be sound and complete. Any derivation in LJF can be translated into a valid derivation in SLJF after skolemization, and vice versa.
  3. Elimination of backtracking points introduced by first-order quantifiers in proof search, while retaining backtracking points introduced by propositional formulas.

The key idea is to represent dependencies between quantifier rules and non-invertible propositional rules using explicit substitutions. Admissibility of these substitutions is checked during unification at the axioms, ensuring that the proof is valid. This avoids the need for backtracking on quantifier instantiation during proof search.

The paper first introduces focused intuitionistic linear logic (LJF) and its key aspects, such as polarity of connectives and focusing. It then presents the skolemized variant SLJF, defining its syntax, semantics, and the central notion of admissibility.

The skolemization procedure is then defined, showing how LJF formulas are transformed into SLJF formulas and associated substitutions. The soundness and completeness of this skolemization procedure are then proven, establishing the equivalence between LJF and SLJF derivations.

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Question 1

The ideas presented in this work on skolemization for Intuitionistic Linear Logic can be extended to other variants of linear logic, such as classical linear logic or substructural logics, by adapting the skolemization procedure to suit the specific rules and constraints of those logics. For classical linear logic, the skolemization process would need to account for the differences in quantifier handling and the rules governing the logic. Similarly, for substructural logics like relevance logic or affine logic, the skolemization procedure would need to consider the unique structural rules and constraints of those logics. By adjusting the skolemization technique to align with the specific features of each variant of linear logic, the benefits of reduced backtracking and improved proof search could be extended to a broader range of logical systems.

Question 2

The practical implications of the skolemization approach presented in this work for automated theorem proving and proof search in linear logic are significant. By introducing explicit substitutions to capture dependencies and constraints on the order of quantifier rules, skolemization eliminates the need for backtracking related to quantifier instantiation. This leads to more efficient proof search processes, reducing the computational complexity of theorem proving in linear logic. Automated theorem provers can benefit from this approach by streamlining the search for valid proofs and avoiding unnecessary exploration of non-viable paths. Overall, the skolemization technique enhances the automation of theorem proving tasks in linear logic, making the process more effective and less resource-intensive.

Question 3

The constraints captured by the admissibility condition in Skolemised Focused Intuitionistic Linear Logic (SLJF) bear connections to other logical frameworks, such as modal or temporal logics, in terms of managing dependencies and ordering of rules. In modal logic, constraints on the order of rule applications and dependencies between rules are crucial for ensuring the validity of proofs. Similarly, in temporal logic, the sequencing of events and the dependencies between temporal operators play a significant role in determining the correctness of temporal reasoning. The admissibility condition in SLJF serves a similar purpose by enforcing constraints on the order of quantifier instantiation and ensuring that the proof search process adheres to the logical constraints of the system. This connection highlights the broader applicability of constraint-based reasoning across different logical frameworks.
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