
Endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by mitochondrial and cytosolic superoxide dismutases (SODs) positively regulates the secretion of the intestinal peptide FLP-2, which in turn activates the release of the antioxidant neuropeptide FLP-1 from neurons to potentiate the oxidative stress response in C. elegans.


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The gut-brain axis mediates bidirectional signaling between the intestine and the nervous system and is critical for organism-wide homeostasis. Here we report the identification of a peptidergic endocrine circuit in which bidirectional signaling between neurons and the intestine potentiates the activation of the antioxidant response in C. elegans. We identify a FMRF-amide-like peptide, FLP-2, whose release from the intestine is necessary and sufficient to activate the intestinal oxidative stress response by promoting the release of the antioxidant FLP-1 neuropeptide from neurons. FLP-2 secretion from the intestine is positively regulated by endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced in the mitochondrial matrix by sod-3 /superoxide dismutase, and is negatively regulated by prdx-2 /peroxiredoxin, which depletes H2O2 in both the mitochondria and cytosol. H2O2 promotes FLP-2 secretion through the DAG and calcium-dependent protein kinase C family member pkc-2 and by the SNAP25 family member aex-4 in the intestine. Together, our data demonstrate a role for intestinal H2O2 in promoting inter-tissue antioxidant signaling through regulated neuropeptide-like protein exocytosis in a gut-brain axis to activate the oxidative stress response.

### Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Endogenous hydrogen peroxide positively regulates secretion of a gut-derived peptide in neuroendocrine potentiation of the oxidative stress response in C. elegans

endogenous-hydrogen-peroxide-regulates-intestinal-peptide-secretion-to-potentiate-the-oxidative-stress-response-in-c-elegans


Endogenous Hydrogen Peroxide Regulates Intestinal Peptide Secretion to Potentiate the Oxidative Stress Response in C. elegans
