A Unified Framework for Multimodal, Prompt-Induced Emotional Text-to-Speech Synthesis

Konsep Inti

MM-TTS, a unified framework that leverages emotional cues from multiple modalities to generate highly expressive and emotionally resonant speech.

Abstrak

The MM-TTS framework consists of two key components:

Emotion Prompt Alignment Module (EP-Align):

Employs contrastive learning to align emotional features across text, audio, and visual modalities, ensuring a coherent fusion of multimodal information.
Constructs vision-prompt, audio-prompt, and text-prompt embedding spaces to facilitate the alignment of multimodal representations.
Uses prompt-anchoring to bridge the implicit and explicit emotion representations, enabling a more coherent integration of the emotion embedding into the TTS process.

Emotion Embedding-Induced TTS (EMI-TTS):

Integrates the aligned emotional embeddings from EP-Align with state-of-the-art TTS models, including Tacotron2, VITS, and FastSpeech2, to synthesize speech that accurately reflects the intended emotions.
Employs prompt-anchoring multimodal fusion to mitigate the bias among the multimodal emotion embedding spaces and coherently integrate the emotion embedding into the TTS process.
Offers flexibility in generating emotional speech across different scenarios and requirements by incorporating various TTS models.

Extensive evaluations across diverse datasets demonstrate the superior performance of MM-TTS compared to traditional E-TTS models. Objective metrics, including Word Error Rate (WER) and Character Error Rate (CER), show significant improvements on the ESD dataset, with MM-TTS achieving scores of 7.35% and 3.07%, respectively. Subjective assessments further validate that MM-TTS generates speech with emotional fidelity and naturalness comparable to human speech.

Statistik

The Word Error Rate (WER) of MM-TTS (FastSpeech) is 7.35%, and the Character Error Rate (CER) is 3.07% on the ESD dataset.
The Emotion Similarity Mean Opinion Score (MOS) of MM-TTS (FastSpeech) is 4.37, closely matching the ground truth MOS of 4.57.
The Speech Naturalness MOS of MM-TTS (FastSpeech) is 4.29, and the Speaker Similarity MOS is 4.13.

Kutipan

"MM-TTS, a groundbreaking framework designed to elevate the expressiveness of synthesized speech by incorporating multimodal cues encompassing text, audio, and visual information."
"By effectively aligning emotional features and filtering out complex noise in multimodal content, EP-Align addresses the challenge of distribution discrepancies, serving as a critical component in enabling high-quality emotional speech generation."
"The incorporation of these aligned emotional embeddings enhances the naturalness and credibility of the generated audio, resulting in a more engaging and immersive user experience."

Wawasan Utama Disaring Dari

MM-TTS: A Unified Framework for Multimodal, Prompt-Induced Emotional Text-to-Speech Synthesis

by Xiang Li,Zhi... pada arxiv.org 04-30-2024

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.18398.pdf

Pertanyaan yang Lebih Dalam

How can the MM-TTS framework be extended to support real-time emotional speech synthesis for interactive applications?

The MM-TTS framework can be extended to support real-time emotional speech synthesis for interactive applications by optimizing the processing speed and efficiency of the system. One approach is to implement parallel processing techniques to enhance the speed of emotion recognition and alignment across multiple modalities. By leveraging GPU acceleration and distributed computing, the system can handle the computational load more effectively, enabling real-time processing of emotional cues from text, audio, and visual inputs.
Furthermore, incorporating pre-trained models and leveraging transfer learning can expedite the emotion recognition process, allowing the system to quickly extract and align emotional features. By fine-tuning these models on specific emotional datasets, the MM-TTS framework can adapt to different emotional contexts in real-time, enhancing the responsiveness and accuracy of emotional speech synthesis.
Additionally, implementing a caching mechanism for frequently used emotional prompts and embeddings can reduce processing time for recurrent emotional cues, enabling faster generation of emotionally expressive speech. By optimizing the overall architecture and algorithms for speed and efficiency, the MM-TTS framework can support real-time emotional speech synthesis for interactive applications, enhancing user engagement and interaction.

What are the potential challenges and limitations in applying the MM-TTS approach to low-resource languages or domains with limited multimodal data?

Applying the MM-TTS approach to low-resource languages or domains with limited multimodal data poses several challenges and limitations. One major challenge is the availability of diverse and representative datasets for training the models. In low-resource languages or domains, obtaining sufficient labeled data for emotion recognition and alignment across multiple modalities can be challenging, leading to potential biases and inaccuracies in the synthesized emotional speech.
Another challenge is the generalization of the MM-TTS framework to languages with unique phonetic structures and emotional expressions. Adapting the models to capture the nuances of different languages and cultural contexts requires extensive data collection and model fine-tuning, which may be limited in low-resource settings.
Moreover, the performance of the MM-TTS framework in low-resource languages or domains can be hindered by the lack of pre-trained models and resources for emotion recognition and synthesis. Developing robust emotion classifiers and aligners for languages with limited resources requires significant effort and expertise, making it challenging to achieve high-quality emotional speech synthesis in such contexts.
Additionally, the computational resources and infrastructure required to train and deploy the MM-TTS framework in low-resource settings may be limited, affecting the scalability and efficiency of the system. Addressing these challenges and limitations in low-resource languages or domains requires a tailored approach that considers the specific constraints and requirements of the target linguistic and cultural contexts.

How can the MM-TTS framework be leveraged to generate emotional speech for virtual assistants or digital avatars to enhance human-computer interaction and user engagement?

The MM-TTS framework can be leveraged to generate emotional speech for virtual assistants or digital avatars to enhance human-computer interaction and user engagement by incorporating personalized and context-aware emotional expressions. By integrating the MM-TTS models with virtual assistant platforms, such as chatbots or voice assistants, the system can dynamically adjust the emotional tone and style of speech based on user interactions and feedback, creating a more engaging and empathetic user experience.
One approach is to implement emotion-aware dialogue management systems that analyze user inputs and responses to adapt the emotional content of the synthesized speech. By incorporating sentiment analysis and emotion detection algorithms, the virtual assistant can tailor its responses to match the user's emotional state, fostering a more personalized and interactive interaction.
Furthermore, the MM-TTS framework can be utilized to create diverse emotional personas for virtual assistants or digital avatars, allowing users to choose the emotional style and tone of the synthesized speech. By providing a range of emotional expressions, from cheerful and friendly to calm and professional, the system can cater to different user preferences and contexts, enhancing user engagement and satisfaction.
Additionally, leveraging multimodal inputs, such as text, audio, and visual cues, can enrich the emotional content of the synthesized speech, making the interactions with virtual assistants more immersive and natural. By integrating real-time emotion recognition and alignment capabilities, the MM-TTS framework can generate emotionally resonant speech that enhances the overall human-computer interaction and user engagement in virtual assistant applications.