Sparse Direction of Arrival Estimation Method for Single Vector Hydrophones Using Vector Signal Reconstruction

This study proposes a Vector Signal Reconstruction (VSR) technique to transform the covariance matrix of single vector hydrophone signals into a Toeplitz structure, enabling the application of gridless sparse methods for improved Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation accuracy and resolution, especially in multi-source and low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) environments.