Comprehensive Review of Multi-Modal Large Language Models: Advancements, Challenges, and Ethical Considerations

This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current state of multi-modal large language models (MM-LLMs), covering their historical development, technical advancements, applications, and ethical considerations. It examines the role of attention mechanisms, the benefits and drawbacks of proprietary versus open-source models, and the latest innovations in MM-LLMs such as BLIP-2, LLaVA, Kosmos-1, MiniGPT4, and mPLUG-OWL.