Comparative Analysis of Pedelec and Conventional Bicycle Usage Patterns in a Public Bike Share System: A Case Study of Richmond, VA

Core Concepts

Pedelecs (e-bikes) are associated with longer trip distances, shorter trip times, higher speeds, and lower rates of uphill elevation change compared to conventional bicycles in the RVA bike share system of Richmond, VA.

Abstract

The study presents a comprehensive analysis of the similarities and differences between pedelec (e-bike) and conventional bicycle usage patterns in the RVA bike share system of Richmond, Virginia. The key findings are:

Spatio-Temporal Analysis:

Pedelecs are associated with longer trip distances, shorter trip times, and higher speeds compared to conventional bicycles.
Pedelecs have lower rates of uphill elevation change, likely due to the relatively flat terrain in Richmond.
These differences in trip characteristics are observed across different trip types (touring, origin-destination, and AM commuting).

Trip Analysis by Origin-Destination Locations:

The most frequent trips for both pedelecs and bicycles are between stations located in green areas (e.g., Brown's Island, Canal Walk, Monroe Park), suggesting an exercise/recreational purpose.
Trips between downtown business areas (e.g., Broad and Harrison) also show high volumes, potentially for shopping or other recreational activities.
The distribution of trips by origin-destination zoning codes (business, mixed-use, residential) is similar for pedelecs and bicycles.

Roadway Use Analysis:

Pedelecs are used more on major roads and roads with cycleways compared to conventional bicycles.
Pedelecs cover longer distances on major roads and cycleways than bicycles.

Overall, the findings suggest that the introduction of pedelecs in the RVA bike share system has led to changes in usage patterns, with pedelecs being used for longer, faster trips, often on major roads and in recreational areas, compared to conventional bicycles.

Stats

Pedelecs have an average trip distance of 4.68 km, compared to 3.85 km for conventional bicycles.
The rate of uphill elevation change is 0.00762 m/m for pedelecs, compared to 0.00876 m/m for bicycles.
Pedelecs have an average trip time of 30.7 minutes, compared to 35.3 minutes for bicycles.
Pedelecs have an average total speed of 10.5 kph, compared to 7.56 kph for bicycles.

Quotes

"Pedelecs are generally associated with longer trip distances, shorter trips times, higher speeds and lower rates of uphill elevation change."
"The origin-destination analysis considering the business, mixed use, residential, and other uses shows extremely similar trends, with a large number of trips staying within either business or residential locations or mixed use."
"Pedelecs are used farther outside of the city than bikes."

Key Insights Distilled From

Comparing E-bike and Conventional Bicycle Use Patterns in a Public Bike Share System: A Case Study of Richmond, VA

by Yifan Yang,E... at arxiv.org 04-30-2024

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.18075.pdf

Deeper Inquiries

How might the usage patterns of pedelecs and conventional bicycles change in a city with more hilly terrain?

In a city with more hilly terrain, the usage patterns of pedelecs and conventional bicycles are likely to shift due to the physical demands of cycling in such conditions. Pedelecs, with their electric motor assistance, would become more attractive to riders as they can help overcome the challenges posed by uphill climbs. The usage of pedelecs may increase significantly in hilly areas as they provide assistance in tackling steep inclines, making cycling more accessible to a wider range of individuals. On the other hand, conventional bicycles may see a decrease in usage, especially among less experienced or physically fit riders who may find it challenging to navigate hilly terrain without assistance.

What factors, beyond physical characteristics, might influence the choice between pedelecs and conventional bicycles in a bike share system (e.g., user demographics, trip purpose, cost)?

Several factors beyond physical characteristics can influence the choice between pedelecs and conventional bicycles in a bike share system:

User Demographics: Different user groups may have varying preferences for pedelecs or conventional bicycles based on factors such as age, fitness level, and familiarity with cycling.

Trip Purpose: The purpose of the trip can play a significant role in the choice of bike type. For longer commutes or trips with challenging terrain, pedelecs may be preferred for their assistance, while conventional bicycles might be chosen for shorter leisure rides.

Cost: The cost of renting a pedelec compared to a conventional bicycle can impact user choice. If pedelecs are priced higher, some users may opt for conventional bicycles to save on costs.

Perceived Effort: Riders' perceptions of the effort required to complete a journey can influence their choice. Those seeking a more relaxed or leisurely ride may opt for pedelecs, while individuals looking for a workout might prefer conventional bicycles.

Environmental Concerns: Users concerned about environmental impact may choose pedelecs as they are considered more eco-friendly than traditional bicycles.

How could the insights from this study be used to inform the design and deployment of future bike share systems that incorporate both pedelecs and conventional bicycles?

The insights from this study can be valuable in designing and deploying future bike share systems that offer both pedelecs and conventional bicycles:

Station Placement: Understanding the usage patterns of pedelecs and conventional bicycles can help in strategically placing stations in areas where each type of bike is in demand. Stations in hilly areas may prioritize pedelec availability.

Pricing Structure: Insights on user preferences and trip characteristics can inform the pricing structure of the bike share system, ensuring that costs align with user needs and preferences for pedelecs or conventional bicycles.

Promotional Strategies: Tailored marketing and promotional strategies can be developed based on the identified user demographics and trip purposes, encouraging the use of pedelecs or conventional bicycles for different types of journeys.

Infrastructure Planning: Knowledge of road usage patterns can guide infrastructure planning, such as the development of dedicated bike lanes or cycleways that cater to the specific needs of pedelec and conventional bicycle riders.

User Education: The study findings can be used to educate users about the benefits and differences between pedelecs and conventional bicycles, helping them make informed choices based on their preferences and trip requirements.