Tuberculosis Incidence Trends in the United States from 2019 to 2022

Core Concepts

Tuberculosis incidence in the United States fluctuated from 2019 to 2022, showing a slight increase in 2022 compared to the previous year.

Abstract

The content discusses the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in the United States from 2019 to 2022, highlighting trends, disparities, and key statistics. Abstract and Introduction TB incidence decreased gradually from 1993 to 2019. Decline in 2020 coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic. TB incidence rebounded in 2021 and slightly increased in 2022. Data Reporting and Analysis Health departments report TB cases to CDC. TB incidence calculated using population estimates. Disparities in TB incidence by race and ethnicity. TB Cases and Incidence in 2022 8,300 TB cases reported in 2022. TB incidence increased slightly to 2.5 per 100,000 persons. California reported the highest number of TB cases. Demographics and Incidence Rates Majority of TB cases in 2022 were among non–U.S.-born persons. Incidence rates varied by race and ethnicity. TB incidence was highest among NH/OPI persons. Age Groups and Other Factors TB incidence highest among persons aged ≥65 years. Increase in homelessness and correctional facility residence among TB patients in 2022.

Stats

Incidence substantially declined in 2020 to 2.2, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. TB incidence during 2022 increased slightly to 2.5 per 100,000 persons. 73% of TB cases in 2022 occurred among non–U.S.-born persons.

Quotes

"TB disparities persist; addressing these disparities requires timely TB diagnosis and treatment to interrupt transmission and prevention of TB through treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI)." "TB incidence appears to be returning to prepandemic levels."

Key Insights Distilled From

Tuberculosis -- United States, 2022

by Kimberly R. ... at www.medscape.com 05-31-2023

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/990081

Deeper Inquiries

How can health systems address the disparities in TB incidence among different racial and ethnic groups?

To address the disparities in TB incidence among different racial and ethnic groups, health systems can implement targeted outreach and education programs tailored to at-risk populations. This can involve culturally sensitive messaging and community engagement to increase awareness about TB, its symptoms, and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Health systems can also work on improving access to healthcare services in underserved communities, ensuring that individuals from all racial and ethnic backgrounds have equal opportunities for TB screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Additionally, health systems can collaborate with community organizations and local leaders to address social determinants of health that contribute to TB disparities, such as poverty, housing instability, and limited access to healthcare.

What impact did the COVID-19 pandemic have on TB diagnosis and treatment in the United States?

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on TB diagnosis and treatment in the United States. During the pandemic, there were disruptions in healthcare services, including TB screening programs, which led to delayed or missed TB diagnoses. The focus on COVID-19 response also diverted resources and attention away from TB control efforts, resulting in decreased TB case detection and treatment initiation. Travel restrictions and changes in migration patterns further affected TB diagnosis among populations at higher risk. The pandemic highlighted the importance of maintaining essential healthcare services, including TB prevention and control programs, even during public health emergencies to prevent setbacks in TB elimination efforts.

How can public health initiatives improve TB prevention strategies beyond treatment of latent TB infection?

Public health initiatives can improve TB prevention strategies beyond treatment of latent TB infection by focusing on early case detection, contact tracing, and infection control measures. Enhanced surveillance systems can help identify TB cases promptly, leading to timely treatment initiation and reduced transmission in the community. Contact tracing efforts can identify individuals who may have been exposed to TB and ensure they receive appropriate screening and treatment. Implementing infection control measures in healthcare settings, congregate settings, and high-risk populations can help prevent the spread of TB. Additionally, public health initiatives can promote research and development of new TB diagnostics, treatments, and vaccines to strengthen TB prevention efforts and move closer to the goal of TB elimination.