Core Concepts
Analyzing text and images together reveals how conspiracy theories are constructed and spread on Telegram, highlighting the importance of multimodal approaches for understanding online communication.
Stats
Only 15.5% of messages in the initial dataset are text-only, while 38.5% include images.
Memes constitute a minimal portion of the visual content, with only 2% in the image-only setting and 1% in the multimodal setting.
The "Israel Gaza" topic group comprises 4,700 messages (36.2%) in the text modality, 1,900 messages (12.9%) in the image modality, and 2,071 messages (16.7%) in the multimodal setting.
Text-image and image-text topic pairs exhibit the lowest symmetry ratio (0.15/0.16), while image-multimodal and multimodal-image pairs show the highest (0.58/0.63).
Quotes
"The Hamas attack on Israel was an ‘inside job’ by the globalist elite working with the Biden administration and the Israeli government as part of the grand master plan for World War III [...]."
"Corona deniers, anti-vaccinationists and Putin haters are out! Now there are ISRAEL HATERS."
"THE BIGGEST GAS SUPPLY IN THE WORLD IS SMOLDERING AND LYING IN THE GAZA STRIP AND THEREFORE ALL PALESTINIANS MUST GO!!!"
"[...] THAT ISRAEL AND THE ZIONISTS THEN OWN THE GAZA STRIP’S TENS OF TRILLIONS OF DOLLARS WORTH OF GAS RESERVES FOR THE NEXT HUNDRED YEARS OR MORE."