Delta Wave Sleep Disruption Linked to Increased Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Mortality

Concetti Chiave

Disruption in delta wave activity during sleep, as measured by lower delta wave entropy, is associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular mortality.

Sintesi

The study examined delta wave activity during sleep in two large cohorts - the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS) and the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study Sleep study (MrOS).

Key findings:

• In the SHHS cohort, over 11 years of follow-up, 729 participants had incident cardiovascular disease and 192 died from cardiovascular causes.
• In the MrOS cohort, over 15.5 years of follow-up, 547 participants had incident cardiovascular disease and 391 died from cardiovascular causes.
• Lower delta wave entropy, indicating disrupted delta wave activity, was associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular mortality in both cohorts, even after adjusting for other factors.
• Delta wave entropy outperformed traditional measures of sleep quality in predicting long-term cardiovascular risk.

The researchers suggest that low delta wave entropy, a marker of disrupted deep sleep, may represent a promising indicator of cardiovascular disease risk that could be implemented in clinical sleep medicine software. Further research is needed to understand the causal mechanisms and potential for interventions targeting delta wave activity to improve cardiovascular health.

Statistiche

In the SHHS cohort, there were 729 incidents of cardiovascular disease and 192 cardiovascular deaths over 11 years of follow-up.
In the MrOS cohort, there were 547 incidents of cardiovascular disease and 391 cardiovascular deaths over 15.5 years of follow-up.
Lower delta wave entropy was associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease (SHHS: HR 1.46, MrOS: HR 1.79), cardiovascular disease (SHHS: HR 1.60, MrOS: HR 1.43), and cardiovascular mortality (SHHS: HR 1.94, MrOS: HR 1.66).

Citazioni

"Low delta wave entropy, a hallmark of disrupted delta wave activity, may represent a promising marker for disrupted activity of deep sleep."
"Disturbed delta wave activity may also represent a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease."

Approfondimenti chiave tratti da

Delta Wave Sleep Disruption Linked to Increased CV Risk

by alle www.medscape.com 04-26-2024

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/delta-wave-sleep-disruption-linked-increased-cv-risk-2024a100086h

Domande più approfondite

What are the potential mechanisms by which disrupted delta wave activity during sleep could increase cardiovascular disease risk?

Disrupted delta wave activity during sleep can lead to an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system, specifically affecting the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches. This imbalance can result in increased heart rate, blood pressure, and inflammation, all of which are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Additionally, inadequate deep sleep, characterized by delta wave activity, can impair the body's ability to repair and regenerate, impacting overall cardiovascular health. The lack of restorative deep sleep may also contribute to insulin resistance, obesity, and other metabolic disturbances, further elevating the risk of cardiovascular disease.

How can the relationship between delta wave entropy and cardiovascular outcomes be further validated and refined to establish clear thresholds for clinical intervention?

To further validate and refine the relationship between delta wave entropy and cardiovascular outcomes, longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes and diverse populations are needed. These studies should assess delta wave activity over extended periods to understand how changes in delta wave entropy impact cardiovascular health over time. By establishing clear thresholds for delta wave entropy that correlate with increased cardiovascular risk, clinicians can better identify individuals who may benefit from early intervention strategies. Additionally, conducting randomized controlled trials to assess the effectiveness of interventions targeting delta wave activity in improving cardiovascular outcomes would provide valuable insights for clinical practice.

Could interventions that enhance delta wave activity during sleep, such as auditory stimulation, have the potential to improve cardiovascular health outcomes?

Interventions aimed at enhancing delta wave activity during sleep, such as auditory stimulation, hold promise for improving cardiovascular health outcomes. By promoting deeper and more restorative sleep, these interventions may help regulate autonomic function, reduce inflammation, and improve overall cardiovascular function. Auditory stimulation has been shown to enhance delta wave activity and slow-wave sleep, which are crucial for cardiovascular health. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of such interventions on cardiovascular outcomes and to determine the optimal frequency and intensity of stimulation for maximum benefit. If proven effective, enhancing delta wave activity through interventions like auditory stimulation could offer a non-invasive and potentially modifiable approach to reducing cardiovascular disease risk.