Bibliographic Information: Zantedeschi, M., & Visinelli, L. (2024). Memory-Burdened Primordial Black Holes as Astrophysical Particle Accelerators. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.07037v1.
Research Objective: This research paper investigates the observational consequences of the memory burden effect on primordial black holes (PBHs) and their potential as dark matter candidates.
Methodology: The authors utilize theoretical models, including the holographic description of black holes and the black hole N-portrait, to analyze the impact of the memory burden effect on PBH evaporation. They calculate the merger rate of PBH binaries and estimate the resulting flux of particles, such as gamma rays and neutrinos, using numerical simulations and the BlackHawk code.
Key Findings: The study reveals that the memory burden effect could allow PBHs with masses below the traditional evaporation limit to persist until the present day, potentially constituting a fraction of dark matter. Mergers of these PBHs would create "young" black holes that emit high-energy particles, leading to detectable signatures in cosmic ray, gamma-ray, and neutrino observations. The authors find that current neutrino flux measurements from IceCube are in tension with light PBHs as the sole component of dark matter within a specific mass range.
Main Conclusions: The research suggests that the memory burden effect has significant implications for our understanding of PBH evolution and their potential role as dark matter. The authors propose that observations of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays, gamma rays, and neutrinos could provide crucial evidence for the existence of these long-lived PBHs.
Significance: This study contributes to the ongoing search for dark matter and offers a novel perspective on the behavior of black holes. The findings have the potential to advance our understanding of fundamental physics and the early universe.
Limitations and Future Research: The authors acknowledge that the precise details of the memory burden effect and its impact on PBH evolution require further theoretical investigation. Additionally, more precise measurements of cosmic ray, gamma-ray, and neutrino fluxes from future observatories are crucial to confirm or refute the presence of these memory-burdened PBHs.
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