Główne pojęcia
Gut microbial features are significantly associated with type 2 diabetes, suggesting the microbiome's role in its pathogenesis and potential for diagnostic biomarkers.
Streszczenie
This study conducted a meta-analysis of 8,117 metagenomes from 10 cohorts across different regions to identify gut microbial features linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes. The participants included 1,851 patients with T2D, 2,770 individuals with prediabetes, and 2,277 normoglycemic controls.
The key findings are:
- 19 phylogenetically diverse microbial species were associated with T2D, including Streptococcus species indicative of inflammation and Bacteroides fragilis, an immunogenic fragilysin-producing species.
- Prevotella copri, a microbe that can produce large amounts of branched-chain amino acids, was more abundant in the gut flora of patients with T2D.
- Within-species phylogenetic diversity of 27 species was associated with differences in T2D risk.
- The microbial signature in T2D contributed to perturbations in glycolysis, butyrate fermentation, and increased biosynthesis of bacterial structural components.
The researchers believe that changes in the gut microbiome may precede and contribute to the development of T2D, suggesting the potential for microbiome-based interventions to reduce T2D risk. However, further prospective and interventional studies are needed to establish causality.
Statystyki
The study included 8,117 metagenomes from 10 cohorts across the United States, Europe, Israel, and China.
The participants had a mean age of 57.9 years, and 54.4% were women.
The study population included 1,851 patients with type 2 diabetes, 2,770 individuals with prediabetes, and 2,277 normoglycemic controls.
Cytaty
"We believe that changes in the gut microbiome cause type 2 diabetes."
"If these microbial features are causal, we can find a way to change the microbiome and reduce type 2 diabetes risk."