This work explores the influence of an external magnetic field on hadron yields and fluctuations within the framework of the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model. The key findings are:
The magnetic field has a sizable effect on certain hadron yield ratios, most notably enhancing the p/π ratio and suppressing the n/p ratio. This can potentially serve as a magnetometer in heavy-ion collisions.
By attributing the centrality dependence of the p/π ratio in Pb-Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV measured by ALICE entirely to the magnetic field, the maximum strength of the magnetic field at freeze-out is estimated to be around eB ≃ 0.12 GeV^2 ≃ 6.3 m^2_π in peripheral collisions.
The magnetic field also enhances various conserved charge susceptibilities, which is qualitatively consistent with recent lattice QCD data. This enhancement is driven by the increase in hadron densities in the HRG model.
However, the variances of hadrons do not show any enhancement when normalized by the means. Therefore, measurements of second-order fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions appear to offer limited additional information about the magnetic field relative to mean multiplicities.
Other hadron yield ratios, such as n/p and Ω/π, can further probe the potential presence of a strong magnetic field at freeze-out, with the n/p ratio being the most sensitive due to the isospin symmetry breaking induced by the magnetic field.
To Another Language
from source content
arxiv.org
Дополнительные вопросы