Ultra-Wideband Positioning System Using ESP32 and DWM3000 Modules

Khái niệm cốt lõi

An Ultra-Wideband (UWB) positioning system utilizing ESP32 and DWM3000 modules achieves accurate indoor localization.

Tóm tắt

An Ultra-Wideband (UWB) positioning system is introduced in this paper, leveraging custom-designed boards with ESP32 microcontrollers and DWM3000 modules from Quorvo. The system achieves localization accuracy up to 10 cm through Two-Way-Ranging (TWR) measurements between a designated "tag" and five "anchor" devices. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) running locally on the tag board processes distance measurements to determine its position based on known anchor positions. The architecture, components, and capabilities for indoor positioning are detailed. Traditional systems face limitations like meter-level accuracy, while UWB systems offer improved precision. The UWB system consists of six identical boards with ESP32 microcontrollers and DWM3000 modules for short-range wireless communication. The tag initiates measurements with anchors independently, enabling accurate localization without external infrastructure dependence.

Thống kê

The system achieves localization accuracy up to 10 cm through TWR measurements.
The round-trip time increases linearly with more anchor devices utilized.
A total round-trip time of 250 ms is allocated for position estimation with five anchors.
Anchor positions are transmitted to the tag via Bluetooth-Low-Energy interface.
The firmware implementation optimizes round-trip time by reducing individual ranging times.

Trích dẫn

"In conclusion, it can be said that a relatively precise localization system has been designed."
"The heart of the positioning system is an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) implemented locally on the tag board."
"The hardware design ensures a consistent layout across all boards."

Thông tin chi tiết chính được chắt lọc từ

Ultra-Wideband Positioning System Based on ESP32 and DWM3000 Modules

by Sebastian Kr... lúc arxiv.org 03-18-2024

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.10194.pdf

Yêu cầu sâu hơn

How can the UWB system's scalability be improved without compromising temporal performance?

To enhance the scalability of the Ultra-Wideband (UWB) system while maintaining temporal performance, a potential solution could involve transitioning from Two-Way-Ranging (TWR) measurements to Time-Difference-of-Arrival (TdoA) measurements. By implementing TdoA, which requires precise wireless clock synchronization among anchors, the round-trip time for position estimation can be significantly reduced. Unlike TWR, where each anchor is pinged individually leading to longer round-trip times with more anchors, TdoA allows for simultaneous measurement by all anchors within a single ping process. This change would enable the system to handle a larger number of anchors without sacrificing speed or accuracy.

What are the potential drawbacks or limitations of relying solely on TWR measurements for localization?

Relying exclusively on Two-Way-Ranging (TWR) measurements for localization may present certain drawbacks and limitations. One key limitation is that as the number of anchor devices increases in a TWR setup, so does the overall round-trip time required for accurate positioning. This linear relationship between anchor count and round-trip time can hinder real-time applications that demand quick updates on object positions.
Moreover, another drawback is susceptibility to Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) conditions affecting signal propagation between tags and anchors. Multipath interference in NLoS scenarios can distort signal timing and lead to inaccuracies in distance calculations based on TOF measurements.
Additionally, relying solely on TWR may limit flexibility in dynamic environments where objects are moving rapidly or changing positions frequently. The latency introduced by sequential pinging of multiple anchors might not be suitable for tracking fast-moving targets effectively.

How might advancements in wireless clock synchronization impact the efficiency of UWB positioning systems?

Advancements in wireless clock synchronization could have a profound impact on enhancing the efficiency of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) positioning systems. Improved synchronization accuracy among anchor devices enables precise coordination during Time-Difference-of-Arrival (TdoA) measurements, reducing overall round-trip times significantly compared to traditional Two-Way-Ranging (TWR).
With synchronized clocks across all nodes within an UWB network, it becomes feasible to conduct simultaneous ranging operations from multiple anchors towards a tag device concurrently. This parallel processing capability minimizes delays associated with sequential pinging seen in TWR setups and leads to faster position estimations even with an increased number of anchor nodes.
Furthermore, enhanced clock synchronization ensures better alignment between transmitted signals and reception timestamps at different nodes within the network. This alignment reduces errors caused by signal propagation delays or variations due to unsynchronized clocks, resulting in more accurate distance estimations and improved overall system performance.