
PML 단백질은 스트레스 반응에 중요한 역할을 하며, 특정 조건에서 핵소체 캡과 결합하여 PML-핵소체 연관체(PNAs)를 형성한다. 이 연구는 PNAs를 유발하는 자극을 조사하여, 위상 스트레스와 RNA 중합효소 I 억제가 리보솜 DNA 손상을 유발하고 PNAs 형성을 촉진한다는 것을 밝혔다.


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PML, a multifunctional protein, is crucial for forming PML-nuclear bodies involved in stress responses. Under specific conditions, PML associates with nucleolar caps formed after RNA polymerase I (RNAPI) inhibition, leading to PML-nucleolar associations (PNAs). This study investigates PNAs-inducing stimuli by exposing cells to various genotoxic stresses. We found that the most potent inducers of PNAs introduced topological stress and inhibited RNAPI. Doxorubicin, the most effective compound, induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the rDNA locus. PNAs co-localized with damaged rDNA, segregating it from active nucleoli. Cleaving the rDNA locus with I-PpoI confirmed rDNA damage as a genuine stimulus for PNAs. Inhibition of ATM, ATR kinases, and RAD51 reduced I-PpoI-induced PNAs, highlighting the importance of ATM/ATR-dependent nucleolar cap formation and homologous recombination (HR) in their triggering. I-PpoI-induced PNAs co-localized with rDNA DSBs positive for RPA32-pS33 but deficient in RAD51, indicating resected DNA unable to complete HR repair. Our findings suggest that PNAs form in response to persistent rDNA damage within the nucleolar cap, highlighting the interplay between PML/PNAs and rDNA alterations due to topological stress, RNAPI inhibition, and rDNA DSBs destined for HR. Cells with persistent PNAs undergo senescence, suggesting PNAs help avoid rDNA instability, with implications for tumorigenesis and aging.

### Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Topological stress triggers persistent DNA lesions in ribosomal DNA with ensuing formation of PML-nucleolar compartment

리보솜-dna에-발생하는-어려운-수리-dna-손상을-유발하는-위상-스트레스와-이에-따른-pml-핵소체-구획-형성


리보솜 DNA에 발생하는 어려운 수리 DNA 손상을 유발하는 위상 스트레스와 이에 따른 PML-핵소체 구획 형성
