Analyzing Differences in Responses Between Paired Samples Using Cumulative Graphs and Scalar Metrics

The core message of this article is to present graphical and scalar methods for analyzing differences in responses between two populations, where each response from one population corresponds to a response from the other population at the same value of an ordinal covariate. The cumulative graphs reveal differences as a function of the covariate, and the scalar metrics summarize the overall differences across all values of the covariate.