
アルツハイマー病患者の一部は、MAPK経路を活性化する病原性変異を持つ微小グリア細胞クローンを有しており、それらが神経炎症を引き起こしている。


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Somatic genetic heterogeneity resulting from post-zygotic DNA mutations is widespread in human tissues and can cause diseases, however few studies have investigated its role in neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here we report the selective enrichment of microglia clones carrying pathogenic variants, that are not present in neuronal, glia/stromal cells, or blood, from patients with AD in comparison to age-matched controls. Notably, microglia-specific AD-associated variants preferentially target the MAPK pathway, including recurrent CBL ring-domain mutations. These variants activate ERK and drive a microglia transcriptional program characterized by a strong neuro-inflammatory response, both in vitro and in patients. Although the natural history of AD-associated microglial clones is difficult to establish in human, microglial expression of a MAPK pathway activating variant was previously shown to cause neurodegeneration in mice, suggesting that AD-associated neuroinflammatory microglial clones may contribute to the neurodegenerative process in patients.

One-Sentence Summary: A subset of Alzheimer Disease patients carry mutant microglia somatic clones which promote neuro-inflammation.

### Competing Interest Statement

FG has been a paid consultant (no equity) to Third Rock Ventures from 2018 to 2020. Sequencing costs and analysis in this study were covered in part by a SRA between Third Rock venture and MSKCC. This work led to patents PCT/US2022/037893/WO2023004054A1 'Methods and compositions for the treatment of alzheimer's disease' by MSKCC and PCT/US2018/047964 'Kinase mutation-associated neurodegenerative disorders' by MSKCC.

A microglia clonal inflammatory disorder in Alzheimer’s Disease

アルツハイマー病患者の微小グリア細胞における炎症性クローン性障害